659 research outputs found
Improving Annotations in Digital Documents
Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενοAnnotation plays a major role in a user’s reading of a document: from
elementary school students making notes on text books to professors marking up
their latest research papers. A common place for annotations to appear is in the
margin of a document. Surprisingly, there is little systematic knowledge of how,
why and when annotations are written in margins or over the main text. This paper
investigates how margin size impacts the ease with which documents can be
annotated, and user annotation behavior. The research comprises of a two part
investigation: first, a paper study that examines margins and their use in physical
documents; secondly, we evaluate document reader software that supports an extended
margin for annotation in digital documents
Miniature mobile sensor platforms for condition monitoring of structures
In this paper, a wireless, multisensor inspection system for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of materials is described. The sensor configuration enables two inspection modes-magnetic (flux leakage and eddy current) and noncontact ultrasound. Each is designed to function in a complementary manner, maximizing the potential for detection of both surface and internal defects. Particular emphasis is placed on the generic architecture of a novel, intelligent sensor platform, and its positioning on the structure under test. The sensor units are capable of wireless communication with a remote host computer, which controls manipulation and data interpretation. Results are presented in the form of automatic scans with different NDE sensors in a series of experiments on thin plate structures. To highlight the advantage of utilizing multiple inspection modalities, data fusion approaches are employed to combine data collected by complementary sensor systems. Fusion of data is shown to demonstrate the potential for improved inspection reliability
An exploration of ebook selection behavior in academic library collections
Academic libraries have offered ebooks for some time, however little is known about how readers interact with them while making relevance decisions. In this paper we seek to address that gap by analyzing ebook transaction logs for books in a university library
Measuring the gap in ARPES experiments
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is considered as the only
experimental tool from which the momentum distribution of both the
superconducting and pseudo-gap can be quantitatively derived. The binding
energy of the leading edge of the photoemission spectrum, usually called the
leading edge gap (LEG), is the model-independent quantity which can be measured
in the modern ARPES experiments with the very high accuracy--better than 1 meV.
This, however, may be useless as long as the relation between the LEG and the
real gap is unknown. We present a systematic study of the LEG as a function of
a number of physical and experimental parameters. The absolute gap values which
have been derived from the numerical simulation prove, for example that the
nodal direction in the underdoped Bi-2212 in superconducting state is really
the node--the gap is zero. The other consequences of the simulations are
discussed.Comment: revtex4, 9 pages, 6 figure
Exciting, Cooling And Vortex Trapping In A Bose-Condensed Gas
A straight forward numerical technique, based on the Gross-Pitaevskii
equation, is used to generate a self-consistent description of
thermally-excited states of a dilute boson gas. The process of evaporative
cooling is then modelled by following the time evolution of the system using
the same equation. It is shown that the subsequent rethermalisation of the
thermally-excited state produces a cooler coherent condensate. Other results
presented show that trapping vortex states with the ground state may be
possible in a two-dimensional experimental environment.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures. It's worth the wait! To be published in Physical
Review A, 1st February 199
Blood-based biomarkers for detecting mild osteoarthritis in the human knee
SummaryObjectiveThis study was designed to test the utility of a blood-based approach to identify mild osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.MethodsBlood samples were drawn from 161 subjects, including 85 subjects with arthroscopically diagnosed mild OA of the knee and 76 controls. Following RNA isolation, an in-house custom cDNA microarray was used to screen for differentially expressed genes. A subset of selected genes was then tested using real-time RT-PCR. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate linear combinations of the biomarkers and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the discriminatory power of the combinations.ResultsGenes differentially expressed (3543 genes) between mild knee OA and control samples were identified through microarray analysis. Subsequent real-time RT-PCR verification identified six genes significantly down-regulated in mild OA: heat shock 90kDa protein 1, alpha; inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase complex-associated protein; interleukin 13 receptor, alpha 1; laminin, gamma 1; platelet factor 4 (also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4) and tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 6. Logistic regression analysis identified linear combinations of nine genes – the above six genes, early growth response 1; alpha glucosidase II alpha subunit; and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (avian) – as discriminatory between subjects with mild OA and controls, with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 83% in a training set of 78 samples. The optimal biomarker combinations were then evaluated using a blind test set (67 subjects) which showed 72% sensitivity and 66% specificity.ConclusionsLinear combinations of blood RNA biomarkers offer a substantial improvement over currently available diagnostic tools for mild OA. Blood-derived RNA biomarkers may be of significant clinical value for the diagnosis of early, asymptomatic OA of the knee
An Empirical Study of User Navigation during Document Triage
Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενοDocument triage is the moment in the information seeking
process when the user first decides the relevance of a document to their
information need[17]. This paper reports a study of user behaviour during
document triage. The study reveals two main findings: first, that there
is a small set of common navigational patterns; second, that certain
document features strongly influence users’ navigation
A log analysis study of 10 years of ebook consumption in academic library collections
Even though libraries have been offering eBooks for more than a decade, very little is known about eBook access and consumption in academic library collections. This paper addresses this gap with a log analysis study of eBook access at the library of the University of Waikato. This in-depth analysis covers a period spanning 10 years of eBook use at this university. We draw conclusions about the use of eBooks at this institution and compare the results with other published studies of eBook usage at tertiary institutes
Thermodynamics of an interacting trapped Bose-Einstein gas in the classical field approximation
We present a convenient technique describing the condensate in dynamical
equilibrium with the thermal cloud, at temperatures close to the critical one.
We show that the whole isolated system may be viewed as a single classical
field undergoing nonlinear dynamics leading to a steady state. In our procedure
it is the observation process and the finite detection time that allow for
splitting the system into the condensate and the thermal cloud.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figures, final versio
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